Hospitalidade e Tensões Identitárias
| Editor | Andreas Gonçalves Lind |
|---|---|
| Editor | Bruno Nobre |
| Editor | João Carlos Onofre Pinto |
| Editor | Ricardo Barroso Batista |
| Rights | © 2022 Aletheia - Associação Científica e Cultural | © 2022 Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia |
| Publication | Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia |
| Volume | 78 |
| Issue | 4 |
| Place | Braga |
| Publisher | Axioma - Publicacções da Faculdade de Filosofia |
|
ISBN |
9789726973621 (Paperback) ; 9789726973628 (eBook) |
|
ISSN |
0870-5283; 2183-461X |
| Date | 2022 |
| DOI | 10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_0000 |
| Language | Portuguese, English, Spanish, French, Italian |
| # of Pages | 640 |
| Date Added | 31/01/2023 |
| Modified | 31/01/2023 |
| Presentation | The imperative to practice hospitality constitutes a mark of Western civilization. Already in Homer’s Odyssey, the hero Ulysses punishes Polyphemus for not having respected the obligation of hospitality towards him and his companions. In fact, hospitality has been a constitutive element of the West, marked by linguistic, cultural, and religious differences, in a world whose borders are supposed to be well defined. In his discussion of hospitality, Derrida shows how Socrates, in Plato’s dialogue The Apology of Socrates, places himself in the position of a foreigner. In fact, Socrates presents himself as foreigner, that is, someone who is alien to the language and procedures of the court that is judging him. According to Derrida, he shows, in this way, the extent to which the foreigner is forced to ask for hospitality in a language he does not know. The court reduces Socrates to the other, the different. Moreover, the court forces him to deny his difference, his own identity, asking him to adapt himself to a system that he does not control. The paradox arises when Socrates, who regrets being regarded as a foreigner, asks the court to treat him at least as a foreigner. He feels so outraged that he asks to be granted at least the rights of a non-national. In doing so, Socrates shows how recognizing the rights of the foreigner generates hospitality but, at the same time, also limits it. Whenever a human being is recognized as human being, he or she will necessarily be seen as another, as someone different. This person will have to adapt him or herself to a system, culture or world that will define him or her as a foreigner. In short, in the phenomena that we tend to see as hospitality there is always a certain hostility. In a world of ongoing migratory crises, and in the context of a return to nationalisms of exclusion combined with populisms of prejudice and aversion to those who are different, it becomes imperative to rethink the ethics and politics of hospitality. In this context, Derrida’s distinction between conditioned and unconditioned hospitality can be useful. On the one hand, this distinction requires us to respect the other in his or her own difference, being aware of the possibility of looking the other with fear, as if he or she were an alien, a threat to the established identity. In such a context, it is important to avoid reducing the other to a simple foreigner, a refugee, an immigrant, a migrant worker, or even a guest. It is important to go beyond mutual hospitality between host and guest, following, for example, Levinas’ approach. On the other hand, the distinction mentioned above makes also clear the difficulty, perhaps impossibility, of realizing a pure hospitality. With the notion of the “inoperative community,” Jean-Luc Nancy also makes a significant contribution to the debate around hospitality (Inoperative Community, 1991). By “inoperative,” Nancy does not mean that the community fails, collapses, or does not function. The term refers, rather, to a community that is not the result of a social, political, conceptual, technical production. Such a community cannot be reduced to a “simple thing,” by losing necessarily the “in” of being-in-common, but rather preserving the being-with and being-together in the difference of the individuals. Moreover, hospitality is, in a way, an imperative. As Anne Dufourmantelle affirms, the human condition is marked by the experience of exile. In this situation of vulnerability, the human person is forced to exist with others. This is why hospitality, even if impure or imperfect, can never be dispensed. In recent years, especially after the fateful September 11th, numerous publications on this theme have appeared in the most diverse fields of knowledge. From ethics and politics to cultural, sociological and religion studies, the theme is very much alive, also in the context of the digital communities that are emerging. Philosophy, with its different approaches and methodologies, has also dealt with this major theme. The present volume of RPF presents a set of twenty-two articles on the theme, which, taken together, offer a fresh approach to the subject of hospitality in the contemporary context. The section Varia includes one more article. |
| Contents |
Andreas Gonçalves Lind, Bruno Nobre, João Carlos Onofre Pinto, Ricardo Barroso Batista, “Hospitality and Identitarian Tensions,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1195–1202, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1195.
I. Hospitality Under (De)Construction
Alain Cugno, “La philosophie comme hospitalité,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1205–18, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1205.
Andreas Gonçalves Lind and Gianfranco Ferraro, “The Hospitality between Humanity and Nature: From Ecology to a Sympoiethic Form-of-Life,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1219–32, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1219.
Sónia da Silva Monteiro, “Hospitality in the Public Realm: An Arendtian Account of the Role of Action and Forgiveness,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1233–60, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1233.
Vincenzo Nuzzo, “I fondamenti filosofico-personalistici della dottrina dell’ospitalità internazionale,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1261–96, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1261.
Yves Vendé, “L’hospitalité langagière, point critique de la philosophie comparée entre la Chine et l’Europe,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1297–1318, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1297.
Antonio Di Chiro, “«L’estraneo sulla soglia». Per una filosofia dell’ospitalità,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1319–48, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1319.
II. The Experience of Hospitality
Thomas Froy, “Rereading Notions of ‘Reciprocity’ and ‘Hospitality’ in the Work of Martin Buber and Jacques Derrida,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1351–66, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1351.
Manuel Porcel Moreno, “La hospitalidad como debate filosófico en Derrida y Levinas: ¿un fenómeno im-posible?,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1367–86, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1367.
Léopold Mfouakouet, “L’hospitalité derridienne au prisme de l’événementialité,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1387–1404, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1387.
III. Ethics, Justice, and Hospitality
Saul Newman, “Anarcho-Cosmopolitanism: Towards a New Ethos of Hospitality,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1407–30, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1407.
Charis Stampoulis, “Rawls’ Theory of International Justice: A Brief Reconstruction and Critical Commentary,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1431–56, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1431.
Robby Mandiangu Ngofo, “Éthique de l’hospitalité, relation au frère à partir du paradigme de l’éthique henryenne,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1457–72, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1457.
Fernanda Bernardo, “Rêver l’Europe. L’Europe – l’arche de Noé de l’avenir? Derrida, l’Europe et l’Hospitalité,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1473–1508, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1473.
IV. Politics and Hospitality
David Inglis, Christopher Thorpe, and Anna-Mari Almila, “Masks, Cosmopolitanism, Hospitality: On Facial Politics in the Covid-19 Era,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1511–32, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1511.
Rui Alexandre Novais and Viviane Araújo, “Tensioned Civility: Presidential Delegitimization of the Press,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1533–60, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1533.
Gianfranco Longo and Sergio Salles, “Il diritto umano all’ospitalità sinodale: oltre la contrapposizione tra demos ed ethnos nell’era della globalizzazione,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1561–1614, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1561.
Marcos Nalli, “Inospitalidade e Estranhamento do Outro: A Discriminação do Mercado,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1615–38, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1615.
V. Identities and Identitarian Tensions
Rafael Pérez Baquero, “Hospitalidad, identidad y ‘transtierro’ en el exilio español de 1939: El neologismo de José Gaos desde la teoría del trauma,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1641–68, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1641.
Samuel Dimas, “Para uma Espiritualidade Cristã Personalista da «Identidade de Género»: Conciliação dos Modelos Essencialista e Existencialista,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1669–1712, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1669.
Ana Maria Eyng, Bárbara Pimpão Ferreira, and Laueni Ramos Padilha, “Hospitalidade no (des)tensionamento das identidades via educação intercultural,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1713–40, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1713.
Valeria Sonna, “La obliteración de la trascendencia política de la maternidad en la teoría erótica de Simposio,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1741–64, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1741.
Varia
Catalina Elena Dobre, “La Belleza Ética como Realización del Telos Interior en Kierkegaard,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1767–90, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1767.
Andreas Gonçalves Lind, “Book Review - Lambert, Dominique; Bayon de La Tour, Marie; Malphettes, Paul. Le Phénomène Humain de Pierre Teilhard de Chardin : Genèse d’une publication hors normes. Bruxelles: Éditions Jésuites, 2022.,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1793–98, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1793.
João Alberto Pinto, “Book Review - Travis, Charles. Frege: The Pure Business of Being True. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021.,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1799–1806, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1799.
Ricardo Barroso Batista, “Book Review - Asay, Jasmin. Truthmaking. Vol. Cambridge Elements. Elements in Metaphysics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2023.,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 78, no. 4 (2022): 1807–10, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2022_78_4_1807. |
