Categorias

Apostolado da Oração

Pesquisa

Critical Theory and Ideology Critique

Critical Theory and Ideology Critique

Christian Garland, “Critical Theory and Ideology Critique, the Weapons of Marx to Expose Material Reality as Mystified Unreality of the Authoritarian and Populist Moment,” Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia 80, no. 1–2 (2024): 73–94, https://doi.org/10.17990/RPF/2024_80_1_0073.

Mais detalhes

À venda À venda!
10,00 €

128010073

Disponível apenas on-line

  • Critical Theory and ideology critique, the weapons of Marx to expose material reality as mystified unreality of the authoritarian and populist moment

    Item Type Journal Article
    Author Christian Garland
    Abstract In our present early Twenty-First Century epoch, in bold contradistinction with the 1989-91 end of the Cold War and subsequent reassurances of the 90s, that ‘The End of History’ had arrived, the past decade has seen the rise of populism and authoritarian would-be leaders worldwide. Similarly, both nationalism and outright fascism have once again become credible threats, whilst ‘the left’ has largely failed to respond or offer feasible answers to multiplying social problems. This belated and misfiring reaction to capitalism in crisis, simply the year: 2008 will give all that is needed to explain what is being referred to. What has occupied the energies of substantial sections of populations angry at elites seemingly operating as usual and the same limited and fatally flawed system continuing as before. Those individuals and institutions who helped it teeter on the brink of terminal failure, were able to profit from this whilst populations suffered as states socialized debt making society pay with austerity measures. This left a power vacuum to which any adequate response was noticeably lacking. From 2016, and the date bookends the year in which populism and authoritarian leaders ‘first appeared’, the wave of similar populist reaction has continued globally. Part of this has been the contention over what constitutes ‘the truth’ and facts themselves and misinformation, disinformation and ‘fake news’ continue to persist as serious problems. The bigger issue it might be argued is the implication that these methods can be used to attain power, either political or in any other sphere: a secondary and no less alarming problem also covered by this essay. Explicating a materialist analysis of what exactly the problem and threats populism and authoritarianism embody, and ‘where they came from’, the essay is most heavily influenced by the dissident and unorthodox Marxism of the Institut für Sozialforschung (Institute for Social Research). This paper takes as its subject the weapons of Marx and the Frankfurt School of Critical Theory to critically analyze the concept of Ideology Critique, and how Marx and Marxism remain the ‘bad conscience of philosophy’. It also applies takes as its subject the concept of ideology critique to the unnerving predominance of right-wing and authoritarian narratives, still very much vying for political power in 2024.
    Date 2024
    Language English
    Rights © 2024 Aletheia - Associação Científica e Cultural
    Volume 80
    Pages 73-94
    Publication Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia
    DOI 10.17990/RPF/2024_80_1_0073
    Issue 1-2
    ISSN 0870-5283 ; 2183-461X
    Date Added 7/31/2024, 10:59:44 PM
    Modified 7/31/2024, 11:05:01 PM

    Tags:

    • disinformation, ideology, ideology critique, materialism, unreality.

    Notes:

    • Adorno, Theodor W. Negative Dialectics. Translated by Denis Redmond. 1966/2001.

      American Oversight. “The January 6 Attack on the U.S. Capitol.” Accessed July 23, 2024. https://www.americanoversight.org/investigation/the-january-6-attack-on-the-u-s-capitol.

      AP News. “Completed Wisconsin Recount Confirms Biden’s Win over Trump.” November 29, 2020. https://apnews.com/general-news-7aef88488e4a801545a13cf4319591b0.

      BBC. “Verified Live.” Accessed July 23, 2024. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m001mdr5.

      BBC News. “Israel’s Most Right-Wing Government Agreed under Benjamin Netanyahu.” December 22, 2022. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-63942616.

      BBC News. “EU Referendum Results.” Accessed July 23, 2024. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/politics/eu_referendum/results.

      BBC News. “Brexit: What You Need to Know about the UK Leaving the EU.” Accessed July 23, 2024. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-32810887.

      BBC News. “Viktor Orban: Hungary ‘Autocracy’ Verdict from EU Correct, Say Activists.” September 16, 2022. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-62925460.

      Birks, Jen. “Fact-Checking False Claims and Propaganda in the Age of Post-Truth Politics: The Brexit Referendum.” In Research Handbook on Political Propaganda. Cheltenham: Elgar Publishing, 2021.

      Bort, Christopher. “Why The Kremlin Lies: Understanding Its Loose Relationship With the Truth.” Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. January 6, 2022. https://carnegieendowment.org/2022/01/06/why-kremlin-lies-understanding-its-loose-relationship-with-truth-pub-86132h.

      Brumback, Kate. “Georgia Again Certifies Election Results Showing Biden Won.” AP News. https://apnews.com/article/election-2020-joe-biden-donald-trump-georgia-elections-4eeea3b24f10de886bcdeab6c26b680a.

      Channel 4 News. “Fact Check.” March 19, 2018. https://www.channel4.com/news/factcheck.

      Chucri, Steve. “Open Letter, Board of Supervisors, District.” Maricopa County Board of Supervisors. Accessed July 13, 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210713030218/https://www.hsd.maricopa.gov/CivicAlerts.aspx?AID=1883.

      Cooper, Luke, and Christobel Cooper. “‘Get Brexit Done’: The New Political Divides of England and Wales at the 2019 Election.” The Political Quarterly, 2020. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1467-923X.12918.

      Cote, Jackson. “Deepfakes and Fake News Pose a Growing Threat to Democracy, Experts Warn.” North Eastern Global News. April 1, 2022. https://news.northeastern.edu/2022/04/01/deepfakes-fake-news-threat-democracy/.

      European Parliament. “MEPs: Hungary Can No Longer Be Considered a Full Democracy.” September 15, 2022. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20220909IPR40137/meps-hungary-can-no-longer-be-considered-a-full-democracy.

      Fact Check. Accessed July 23, 2024. https://www.factcheck.org/.

      Franks, Andrew. “Seeking Evidence of The MAGA Cult and Trump Derangement Syndrome: An Examination of (A)symmetric Political Bias.” Societies 11, Special Issue “Extremism and the Assault on Truth, Social Justice, and Democracy,” September 2021. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/354586610_Seeking_Evidence_of_The_MAGA_Cult_and_Trump_Derangement_Syndrome_An_Examination_ofAsymmetric_Political_Bias.

      Full Fact. Accessed July 23, 2024. https://fullfact.org/.

      Helms, Toby. “Brexit Camp Abandons £350m-a-week NHS Funding Pledge.” The Guardian, September 10, 2016. https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/sep/10/brexit-camp-abandons-350-million-pound-nhs-pledge.

      Fukuyama, Francis. “The End of History?” The National Interest No. 16, Summer 1989. https://pages.ucsd.edu/~bslantchev/courses/pdf/Fukuyama%20-%20End%20of%20History.pdf.

      Fukuyama, Francis. The End of History and the Last Man. New York: Free Press, 1992.

      Hockenos, Paul. “The Secrets to Viktor Orban’s Success.” Foreign Policy, April 1, 2022. https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/04/01/viktor-orbans-hungary-populism-election-nationalism/.

      Holloway, John. Negativity and Revolution: Adorno and Political Activism. London: Pluto Press, 2009.

      Holloway, John. Crack Capitalism. London: Pluto Press, 2010.

      Horkheimer, Max, and Theodor W. Adorno. Dialectic of Enlightenment. London: Verso, 1944/1975.

      Isachenkov, Vladimir, and Yuras Karmanau. “Russia Denies Looking for Pretext to Invade Ukraine.” AP News. https://apnews.com/article/russia-officials-ukraine-invasion-f58cbbd7eca51cccf74ebd4be68484e8.

      Kruse, Michael. “The One-Way History Shows Trump’s Personality Cult Will End.” POLITICO, April 16, 2022. https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2022/04/16/history-shows-trump-personality-cult-end-00024941.

      Krekó, Péter, and Zsolt Enyedi. “Explaining Eastern Europe: Orbán’s Laboratory of Illiberalism.” Journal of Democracy Volume 29 Issue. https://www.journalofdemocracy.org/articles/explaining-eastern-europe-orbans-laboratory-of-illiberalism/.

      Lukes, Steven. Power: A Radical View. Basingstoke & London: The Macmillan Press, 1974.

      Lukács, Georg. History and Class Consciousness. Accessed July 23, 2024. https://www.marxists.org/archive/lukacs/works/history/hcc05.htm.

      Marx, Karl. “A Contribution to the Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right, Introduction,” 1843. https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1843/critique-hpr/intro.htm.

      Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. Theses on Feuerbach, 1845. https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1845/theses/theses.htm.

      Marx, Karl. Capital Vol.1, Part I: Commodities and Money, Chapter One, Commodities, 1867. https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1867-c1/ch01.htm.

      Marcuse, Herbert. Philosophy and Social Theory in Negations: Essays in Critical Theory. Boston: Beacon Press, 1937/1968.

      Marcuse, Herbert. One-Dimensional Man: The Ideology of Industrial Society. Boston: Beacon Press, 1964.

      Murphy, Keith M. “Fake News and the Web of Plausibility.” Social Media and Society 9 (2), 2023. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20563051231170606.

      McFaul, Michael. “Why Vladimir Putin’s Luck Ran Out.” Journal of Democracy. https://journalofdemocracy.org/why-vladimir-putins-luck-ran-out/.

      Ng, Karen (2015). “Ideology Critique from Hegel and Marx to Critical Theory.” In Constellations, Volume 22, Number 3. https://eltalondeaquiles.pucp.edu.pe/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/ng2015.pdf.

      Picheta, Rob. “The Violent Attack on Brazil’s Government Was Months in the Making. Here’s What You Need to Know.” CNN, January 9, 2023. https://edition.cnn.com/2023/01/09/americas/brazil-congress-attack-explained-intl/index.html.

      PolitiFact. Accessed July 23, 2024. https://www.politifact.com/.

      Rankin, Jennifer. “Brussels Accuses Orbán of Peddling Conspiracy Theory with Juncker Poster.” The Guardian, February 19, 2019. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/feb/19/brussels-orban-jean-claude-juncker-poster-george-soros-hungary.

      Reuters. Fact Check. Accessed July 23, 2024. https://www.reuters.com/fact-check/.

      Revesz, Rachel. “Alternative Facts and Lies Press Briefing.” The Independent, January 22, 2017. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/kellyanne-conway-sean-spicer-alternative-facts-lies-press-briefing-donald-trump-administration-a7540441.html.

      Salmon, Felix. “In Praise of Oligopoly: Having Three Major Labels in the Middle of the Music-Industry Ecosystem Is a Good Thing All Round.” Medium, originally published in Bull Market, November 6, 2014. https://medium.com/bull-market/in-praise-of-oligopoly-63c586d5c8b4.

      Sherman, Amy, and Virginia Valverde. “In More Than 60 Cases, Judges ‘Looked at the Allegations That Trump Was Making and Determined They Were Without Any Merit.’” PolitiFact, January 8, 2021. https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2021/jan/08/joe-biden/joe-biden-right-more-60-trumps-election-lawsuits-l/.

      The Editors, World Politics Review. “Modi’s Hindu Nationalist Agenda Is Corroding India’s Democracy.” Accessed July 23, 2024. https://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/will-modi-hindu-nationalism-damage-us-india-relations/.

      Trump, Mary L. Too Much and Never Enough: How My Family Created the World’s Most Dangerous Man. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2020.

      Varshney, Ashutosh, and Connor Staggs. “Hindu Nationalism and the New Jim Crow.” Journal of Democracy, Volume 35, Issue 1, January 2024. https://www.journalofdemocracy.org/articles/hindu-nationalism-and-the-new-jim-crow/.

      Wesolowski, Kathrin, and Marcus Lütticke. “Fact Check: Putin’s Lies About Ukraine War.” DW (Deutsche Welle), October 7, 2022. https://www.dw.com/en/fact-check-putins-lies-about-the-bombing-of-ukraine/a-62419749.

      Zakaria, Fareed. “The Rise of Illiberal Democracy.” Foreign Affairs, November/December 1997. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/1997-11-01/risenextremeright-illiberal-democracy.

Carrinho  

Sem produtos

Envio 0,00 €
Total 0,00 €

Carrinho Encomendar

PayPal

Pesquisa